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Childhood Depression

Depressive disorder in children may present differently than in adults.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is Childhood Depression?

Childhood depression is the pediatric form of major depressive disorder. In children, irritability (anger outbursts, mood swings) may dominate rather than sadness. It can occur at any age from preschool through adolescence.

Per DSM-5, diagnosis requires at least 2 weeks of depressed mood/irritability or anhedonia plus 5 or more of: sleep changes, appetite changes, concentration difficulty, fatigue, feelings of worthlessness, and suicidal ideation.

Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) and family therapy are the cornerstones of treatment. SSRIs (fluoxetine, FDA-approved over age 8) may be added in moderate-to-severe cases. Suicidal ideation requires emergency evaluation.

Symptoms

Persistent sadness, crying, or irritability
Loss of interest in previously enjoyed activities
Sleep problems (excessive or insufficient)
Appetite changes and weight loss or gain
Fatigue and difficulty concentrating
Feelings of worthlessness or suicidal thoughts

Risk Factors

Family history of depression or bipolar disorder
Traumatic life events (loss, abuse)
Chronic illness
Exposure to peer bullying
Social isolation and low academic achievement
Previous depressive episode

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When sadness or irritability persists more than two weeks
  • When school performance and daily functioning decline
  • ER if suicidal thoughts or self-harm are present
  • When a parent feels their child 'is not the same'

Treatment Methods

01
Cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT): first-line, evidence-based
02
Family therapy: addresses family system contributions
03
Fluoxetine: FDA-approved SSRI for moderate-severe depression over age 8
04
School collaboration: academic support and accommodation plan
05
Suicide risk assessment and safety planning
06
Encourage physical activity and sleep regularity

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Department

Let us help you

You can make an appointment with our specialists or contact us for your concerns.

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.