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ADHD in Children

Attention Deficit and Hyperactivity Disorder is a neurodevelopmental condition that can be managed with early diagnosis and appropriate support.

Written by: Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board
Last updated:

This content has been compiled by the Saygı Hospital Health Guide Editorial Board and is periodically reviewed by a specialist physician.

References (5)

This content is for informational purposes only and does not constitute medical advice. You can book an appointment at our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department. Book Appointment →

What is ADHD in Children?

ADHD is associated with prefrontal cortex dysfunction and insufficient functioning of the dopamine-norepinephrine system. It has three subtypes: predominantly inattentive, predominantly hyperactive-impulsive, and combined type. For diagnosis, symptoms must begin before age 12, be seen in at least two settings (home and school) and last longer than 6 months.

ADHD often co-occurs with learning difficulties, anxiety disorder, oppositional defiant disorder and sleep problems (comorbidity). Identifying these comorbidities directly affects the treatment plan.

The combination of medication (methylphenidate, amphetamine derivatives, atomoxetine) and behavioral interventions provides the best outcome in treatment.

Symptoms

Attention span much shorter than age-appropriate, inability to sustain attention
Easy distraction and forgetfulness
Hyperactivity: inability to sit still, constant running and climbing
Impulsivity: inability to wait one's turn, interrupting others
Inability to organize homework and chores
School failure and social adjustment difficulties

Risk Factors

Family history of ADHD (high hereditary predisposition)
Prematurity and low birth weight
Prenatal tobacco and alcohol exposure
Exposure to environmental toxins such as lead
Serious trauma or neglect in early childhood

When to See a Doctor?

If you experience any of the following symptoms, seek medical attention promptly:

  • When attention and behavior problems are reported by teacher and family
  • When academic achievement clearly declines
  • When social adjustment difficulties and problems in making friends are experienced
  • When anxiety, depression or sleep problems accompany

Treatment Methods

01
Behavioral treatment: parent training, school-based behavior programs
02
Methylphenidate (Ritalin): first-line drug therapy
03
Amphetamine derivatives or atomoxetine: if no response to methylphenidate
04
Individual and group therapy: social skill and problem solving training
05
Educational adjustments: extended exam time, small classroom environment
06
Sleep hygiene and regular physical activity

Which Department to Visit?

You can visit our Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları department for these complaints. Our specialist physicians will create the most suitable treatment plan for you.

Learn About Çocuk Sağlığı ve Hastalıkları Department

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Health Disclaimer: The information on this page is prepared for general informational purposes only. It does not replace medical diagnosis and treatment. Please consult your physician for your complaints. Saygı Hospital does not accept responsibility for actions taken based on the information on this page.