Medical nutrition therapy focused on protein balance, sodium restriction, and weight control in liver diseases such as fatty liver (NAFLD/NASH), chronic hepatitis, and cirrhosis.
Indication
- Individuals diagnosed with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD/NASH)
- Patients followed for chronic viral hepatitis (HBV, HCV)
- People with cirrhosis and a tendency toward edema or ascites
- Advanced-stage patients at risk of hepatic encephalopathy
- Individuals requiring a nutrition plan before and after liver transplantation
- Cases with liver-related weight loss or muscle wasting
Preparation
- Come with up-to-date liver function tests (ALT, AST, albumin, INR)
- Bring imaging reports (ultrasound, FibroScan, MRI) with you
- List all medications, herbal products, and supplements you use
- If you consume alcohol, share this openly; the treatment plan is shaped accordingly
How it's performed
- Nutritional history, weight trajectory, and appetite are evaluated
- Body composition analysis is used to assess lean body mass and muscle loss
- Calorie and protein requirements are determined according to disease stage
- Sodium restriction and fluid balance are planned in cirrhosis
- Protein sources are specifically tailored in patients at risk of encephalopathy
- In fatty liver disease, gradual weight loss and an exercise plan are integrated
Post-procedure
- Follow-up visits are held every 2-4 weeks for the first 1-3 months
- Liver function tests and albumin levels are monitored
- The salt and fluid plan is revised based on changes in ascites or edema
- Muscle mass is followed and the protein target is updated
- In stable patients, follow-up continues every 3-6 months
Risks
- Uncontrolled protein restriction may accelerate muscle wasting
- Excessive salt intake may worsen ascites and edema
- Rapid weight loss may aggravate inflammation in fatty liver
- In advanced stages, malnutrition increases the risk of infection
- Some herbal and high-dose vitamin supplements may add additional burden to the liver
FAQ
Is diet alone enough for fatty liver disease?
In many patients, a 5-10% weight loss leads to a noticeable reduction in liver fat. It is recommended together with exercise and physician follow-up.
Should I avoid meat in cirrhosis?
No. On the contrary, adequate protein is required. In special situations such as encephalopathy, the type and distribution of protein are planned accordingly.
Are herbal products good for the liver?
Some herbal products may worsen liver damage. No supplement should be used without consulting your physician and dietitian.
Will salt be eliminated entirely?
In cirrhosis, sodium is generally kept below 2 g/day. The plan is not entirely salt-free but is moderate and supported by natural flavor enhancers.
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