Surgery in which breast volume is reconstructed with implants or fat grafting in cases of congenital volume deficiency, developmental disorders, post-mastectomy reconstruction, or significant asymmetry.
Indication
- Congenital breast underdevelopment or absence (hypoplasia, amastia)
- Significant asymmetry between the two breasts (anisomastia) and associated functional-postural problems
- Breast reconstruction following mastectomy (breast cancer surgery)
- Contour deformities developing after trauma or previous surgery
- Structural developmental disorders such as tuberous breast deformity
- Revision in cases of complications or insufficiency related to a previous breast implant
Preparation
- No food or drink for 8 hours before the procedure
- Pre-surgical screening with mammography and/or breast ultrasound
- Blood thinning medications are adjusted with physician approval
- Smoking should be stopped at least 4 weeks beforehand (to reduce wound healing and implant-related complications)
- Blood tests, ECG, and anesthesia consultation
- Detailed information is provided about the implant type, volume, and placement plane (above/below the muscle)
How it's performed
- Performed under general anesthesia
- The incision site can be planned at the inframammary fold, around the areola, or in the armpit
- The surgical plane (above the muscle, below the muscle, or dual plane) is determined in advance
- A silicone or saline implant is placed into the pocket; or fat grafting is performed in suitable cases
- Tissue planes are checked, and drains may be placed
- The skin is sutured in layers and a sports bra and bandage are applied
Post-procedure
- Generally same-day discharge or one overnight stay
- Sports bra is worn day and night for 4-6 weeks
- Heavy lifting, pushing motions with the arms, and chest muscle exercises are avoided for the first 6 weeks
- Regular follow-up; every 3-6 months for the first year, then annual follow-up and imaging when needed
- Routine breast cancer screening is not disrupted; the radiologist should be informed about the implant when planning mammography and ultrasound
Risks
- Bleeding, hematoma, and infection
- Capsular contracture (hardening around the implant) — may develop over time and require revision
- Implant displacement, rotation, leakage, or rupture; replacement surgery may be required
- Temporary or permanent changes in nipple sensation, possible impact on breastfeeding function
- Very rarely, breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma (BIA-ALCL); follow-up and awareness are important
FAQ
Do implants last a lifetime?
Implants are not permanent for life. Replacement may be required over the years due to wear, capsular contracture, or displacement; regular follow-up is recommended.
Does it affect breastfeeding?
Depending on the surgical method and incision site, the milk ducts may be affected. Most patients can breastfeed; however, this is not guaranteed and prior assessment is necessary.
Can mammography be performed?
Yes. Special positioning (Eklund technique) is used for breasts with implants. The screening radiologist should be informed in advance about the implant.
When does the result become final?
The swelling and firmness of the first weeks decrease within 6-12 weeks. The breast may take 6-12 months to reach its final shape. Regular follow-up is important during this process.
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